exoticism in translation

<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF /Text]>>/Type/Page>> They expect world cinema filmmakers to continue the tradition of Third Cinema and use their films as platforms of postcolonial resistance, instead of becoming complicit in exoticising their own culture, even if this entails potentially forsaking critical or commercial success. The mobility of early modern people, ideas and things, and the networks they created and relied on, facilitated flows of material and immaterial interactions. The emphasis exoticism places on sumptuous images and visual splendour shifts the attention from the films deeper meaning (such as specific historical events, social conventions and interactions articulated in the narrative) to the surface which not only shines but glosses, which looks, stares, and speaks (Chow, 1995: 150).5 Nowhere is this shift from the semantic core to surface appearance more apparent than in the films of Zhang Yimou which literally burst with bold saturated colours, a hallmark of his voluptuous visual style that is also emphasised in the titles of his films Hong Gao Liang (Red Sorghum, Zhang Yimou, China, 1987) and Raise the Red Lantern, and carefully composed painterly tableaus that invite audiences to feast their eyes on opulent interiors as well as on the enchanting beauty of Gong Li, the poster girl of Fifth Generation Chinese films (Khoo, 2007: 1) and first actress in the post-Maoist period to gain global recognition. de Luca, 2013; Galt and Schoonover, 2010: 1517; Nagib, 2011; 2020. In A. Langer (Ed. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. You can comment below, or link to this permanent URL from your own site. While world cinema includes popular genre films like Bollywood and Nollywood melodrama or Hong Kong action films, global art cinema does not. exoticism noun [ U ] uk / zt..s.z m / us / z.t.s.z m / the quality of being unusual and exciting because of coming (or seeming to come) from far away, especially a tropical country the exoticism of the East Want to learn more? Translation Studies 4 (1), pp. The film premiered at the 1991 Venice Film Festival, where it won the Silver Lion and was subsequently nominated for the Academy Awards. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ). Get ready with Test&Train, the online practice tool from Cambridge.Build your confidence with hundreds of exam questions with hints, tips and instant feedback. Young, Robert J. Yet rather than challenging the unequal power hierarchies implied in the ethnographers act of looking, in which non-Western cultures are invariably the object of the gaze, Fifth Generation Chinese filmmakers actively replicate the state of being looked at in their films (Chow, 1995: 180). The same holds true for world cinema, which must travel from its site of origin and be watched by audiences originating from different nations, regions or cultures. v1f@1Nk8>{00U@]8>Y{Zl+ bD0 fi:N^o|CB9%F!6 .>.y8LWv Google Translate is going to not make this decision, I think. Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, Taylor does not always demonstrate successfully his stated aim: to uncover the social and historical context of, As a result, his argument is sometimes unfocused, his central interest in the relationship between, They are, rather, narrative agents whose actions move the stories forward and develop the authenticity and, I also met people who were fascinated by my ', Dance is a constant in any exotic plot, and is at the heart of operatic. TWO APPROACHES TO A CATALOGUE RAISONN, In-Laws, Lawsuits and Money: Interpretations of Rembrandt van Rijn. The Guardian, 21 January. Did Rembrandt plan a substantial series of reproductive engravings and did he make a series of oil sketches especially for that purpose? London and New York: Routledge. Most critics in the West denounce exotic cinema and its commodification of cultural difference as unethical and exploitative. The translations of exoticism from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word exoticism in English. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, pp. Nagib, Lcia (2011). <> Notions of the exotic are associated with the lush vegetation of the tropics, geographically positioned between the Tropics of Capricorn and Cancer. 65: Arts of Display. 0 && stateHdr.searchDesk ? The fascinating story behind many people's favori Test your vocabulary with our 10-question quiz! exoticism noun [ U ] uk / zt..s.z m / us / z.t.s.z m / the quality of being unusual and exciting because of coming (or seeming to come) from far away, especially a tropical country the exoticism of the East Want to learn more? 115. Social Text, 15, pp. Bibliography for the study of Baroque art and architecture, Biblical Iconography in the Graphic Work of Rembrandt's Circle, in: Rembrandt and his Circle: Insights and Discoveries, ed. ]6[I N*"=EE}-Sw"E~U ?&7t'>#^/ NgtAftaes`VL^rxJ?^A*u]^460/cl!Jb|@x7 t{%hmLa s?hWmP'EDdTB.A0E*!W;hQV:&V2L^eC`%FIHJ59%]iRH/" 3%hY]hF,`bd582TP?I5MsLK`_I?+i%S~'}\9, `3+_0X~^xjdiD- 2r=nl>&ZP%I]ALL!4\~KD`hIBK:R+S }l.~q BFcN}uZ^9$2.:-w\wmle=w uCXBw0!I-(>|v!8Zb?. X5foOkYTa+*roQ>6RWJrt=$U5lP/U//MqHOFp +T[O The fact that Tanna as well as Embrace of the Serpent, which is set in the Amazon, were made in collaboration with Indigenous communities, who are credited with being the chief creative impetus and co-creators of these films, makes them not only politically correct but, arguably, also examples of self-exoticisation. 1978. Durham: Duke University Press. The Assassin: Cannes Review. c}_i_3F)16=j. In contrast to other scholars, who harshly criticise certain world cinema filmmakers for becoming complicit in Western cross-cultural modes of representation, such as exoticism and Orientalism, when making films about their own cultures, Chow regards it as the inevitable consequence of bearing the memory of past objecthood the experience of being looked at which lives on in the subjective act of ethnographizing like an other, an optical unconscious (Chow, 1995: 180). What is "exoticism" in translation ? | John4german's Blog B. Tauris, pp. I knew there was some discretion in translating and it was more of an art than a science, but I didnt realize how much discretion is involved. . Marks, Laura U. It results in creative reconfigurations that occur when the state of boundedness is disturbed by the forces of mobility (Papastergiadis, 2011: 2). Usage explanations of natural written and spoken English, Today, the nearly 5,300-square-foot home exudes elegance and, Across the centuries, orchids have captivated us with their elaborate, Whether it's the mysteries of the blue agave source plant, the, Presumably it would be because, after 40-some-odd films in the franchise, producers felt they needed to do a little something extra to up the, Such a reductive representation of cultural difference is termed colonial, Addressing the politics of gender in studies on, They are, rather, narrative agents whose actions move the stories forward and develop the authenticity and, Although the poet insists that eros is the force of perpetual revolution, he consistently finds in it an, However, she changes her positionality as she proceeds with her description and adopts an uncertain viewing position which avoids fixating difference as a stereotypical characteristic of colonial. It really depends. Improve your vocabulary with English Vocabulary in Use from Cambridge. Mulvey, Laura (1975). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. In fact, realism appears to be the more prevalent aesthetic approach taken in global art cinema and certainly the one to receive far more critical attention, cf. 0 && stateHdr.searchDesk ? 2023 . Journal of Historical Geography 29 (4), pp. Exoticism, as a cultural phenomenon, has mainly been examined via related critical concepts. Offering a theoretical discussion of exoticism, alongside the closely related concepts of autoethnography and cultural translation, the article proposes that exoticism is a particular mode of aesthetic perception that is simultaneously anchored in the filmic text and elicited in the spectator in the process of transnational reception. The Skin of the Film: Intercultural Cinema, Embodiment, and the Senses. Racial Attitudes and Exoticism in the Old English 'Wonders of the East' The flare of recent racial tensions, especially in the wake of the Trump administration's xenophobic rhetoric, has had repercussions in Charlottesville and across the United States. Monstrous Ethiopians? Racial Attitudes and Exoticism in the Old English The word exotic was first introduced into the English language in 1599, meaning alien, introduced from abroad, not indigenous. In cinema, Robert Flahertys ethnographic documentary Moana (USA, 1926) and Friedrich W. Murnaus feature film Tabu: A Story of the South Seas (USA, 1931) have established the South Sea film genre that continues to determine the exotic iconography of contemporary films set in this region. The attempt by the age of Enlightenment to study and describe the vast number of different peoples of this earth was thus soon reduced to a mere interest in costume and other extrinsic markers of otherness, which were eagerly displayed in the European homelands. 4149. EXOTICISM | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary Berghahn, 2017: 29). Citation: Studies in World Cinema 1, 2 (2021) ; 10.1163/26659891-01020001. Exoticism definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary The exotic also notably unleashes the sexual desires of repressed Westerners. Homi Bhabha and subsequent scholars of hybridity and the encounters between subaltern and dominant cultures, therefore, make every effort to draw attention to exoticisms parodic dimension in order to empower and render eloquent its latent subversion of oppressive and exploitative fantasies. 6}letBlT%kF6p. "Exoticism Exoticisms multi-sensory appeal is especially evident in ethnic food films such as The Scent of Green Papaya, Yin Shi Nan Nu (Eat Drink Man Woman, Ang Lee, Taiwan/USA, 1994), Like Water for Chocolate, Politiki Kouzina (A Touch of Spice, Tassos Boulmetis, Greece/Turkey, 2003) and The Lunchbox (Ritesh Batra, India/France/Germany/USA/Canada, 2013), to mention but a few titles of this prolific genre. This article evaluates whether Lawrence Venuti's translation approach of "foreignisation" is likely to achieve his stated go al: translations that can resist cultural dominance. ), Rembrandt and his Circle. Island Dreaming: The Contemplation of Polynesian Paradise. Test your vocabulary with our fun image quizzes, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. Stephanie S. Dickey, Amsterdam 2017, pp. Much could be and has been written on this topic, which explains why exoticism is such a highly contested concept. Lost in Translation: Exoticism in Early Modern Holland Claudia Swan Whilecontent andlanguageformacertain unityinthe original,like afruit andits skin,the languageofthe translationenvelopsits content likearoyal robe with amplefolds.For it signifiesamoreexalted languagethan itsown andthusremains unsuited to itscontent, overpowering andalien. In: Stephanie, Dennison and Song, Hwee Lim, eds., Remapping World Cinema: Identity, Culture and Politics in Film. In: Sheldon, Hsiao-peng Lu, ed., Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender. https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/raise-the-red-lantern-1992. In these films, the preparation and consumption of food functions as a signifier of alterity. Preparing for your Cambridge English exam? (USA/India/France/UK, 1988) and Monsoon Wedding (USA/India/Italy/Germany/France/UK, 2001) blend a documentary realist aesthetic (in the street scenes) with the exotic spectacle of vibrant colours (inside the Bombay brothel and at the Hindu wedding) and other exotic visual and narrative tropes, such as Indian poverty. Considering contemporary Chinese cinemas which, because of their regional dispersal across the Peoples Republic of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and the Chinese diaspora, are widely regarded as a paradigmatic example of transnational cinema, Sheldon Hsiao-peng Lu (1997: 12) argues that, ironically, some films achieve transnational status precisely because they are seen as possessing an authentically national, Chinese, Oriental flavor by Western audiences. Now, in a remarkable reversal of fortune, it is the West that points out what is outstanding and characteristically Chinese in artworks from China. ." Pratt, Mary Louise (1992). London and New York: Continuum. According to David Damrosch (2003: 175), works become world literature by being received into the space of a foreign culture, a space defined in many ways by the host cultures national tradition and the present needs of its own writers. Rather than conceiving of world literature as a canon of foreign literary masterpieces, Damrosch describes it as a mode of transnational circulation and reception that gains in translation. 618. They conjure up ideas of a bountiful nature, fertility, and uninhibited sexuality. 120. Loosely plotted around one of Disneylands hoariest theme-park rides (which, even after recent updates, still teems with faux savagery and denatured, Her affinity for combining chinoiserie, Moghul-style flowers, and Provenal accents surfaces subtly, giving the rooms a whiff of, Bhutan has often been ranked as one of the worlds happiest countries, and WeCroak seems to be trading on a casual, Puertas assemblages, with their fake tropical greenery, faux fur, lace, rhinestones and sexualized forms, represent the, There's no trace of her Asian background or even the, For decades, Bollywood movies, at least when they were released here, had an undeniable, The earliest pictures here, dating from the 19th century and taken of Indigenous North Americans by non-Native photographers, emphasize. 33. It also applies to the various mechanisms of transnational film funding and co-production, circulation and distribution, since the selection procedures involved tend to privilege a particular type of global art cinema that promises to appeal to (metropolitan) cinephiles (cf. B. Tauris. London and New York: Routledge. Vibrant colours, ancient rituals and traditions (both real or invented), a sense of pastness or primitive backwardness in relation to the progressive West, iconic costumes like the loincloth, the sari or the cheongsam that essentialise cultural identities, topographies like the South Sea islands or the Amazonian rainforest, waterscapes covered in carpets of floating lotus flowers or bustling street markets, sensuality, lushness and abundance and a sense of enigma and mystery are all, in varying degrees and combinations, essential ingredients of exoticism. The fact that nineteenth-century photographs of indigenous people wearing the clothes of their colonial masters now strike us as more exotic than early photographs of nonwesternized, indigenous communities reminds us that exotic fantasies entail a contrast of, and hierarchy between, two different cultures, controlled by the Western point of view. Museum Rietberg. An exoticism is a word from a foreign language which denotes something (e.g. Realist Cinema as World Cinema: Non-Cinema, Intermedial Passages, Total Cinema. It constantly signals the exotic source culture and its cultural strangeness. What does exoticism mean? For the twenty-first century, the experience of the exotic frequently thrives on an imitation of a ritual presumed to be authentic, involving an act of mimicry whose comic potential is easily glazed over. Travelling Concepts: Postcolonial Approaches to Exoticism. But at the same time, it is (like world cinema) a travelling concept that depends on mobility and the crossing of cultural boundaries to come into being. In short, it turns cultural difference into a form of commodity fetishism. Raise the Red Lantern Review. In: Matthew, Bernstein and Gaylyn, Studlar, eds., Visions of the East: Orientalism in Film. It adopts a cultural perspective that is firmly entrenched in the conventions and belief systems of Western civilization and therefore constructs the East as the archetypical location of otherness. endobj The Third Eye: Race, Cinema and Ethnographic Spectacle. endobj How then are certain global art films decoded as exotic, while others are simply strange or bewildering? This article aims to make a contribution to this urgent critical endeavour, not by mapping the various critical debates that surround the concept of world cinema, but, instead, by exploring the role exoticism plays in the transnational reception of world cinema. London: Arnold, pp. Said, Edward. Finally, a more general consideration concerns the author's choice not to talk expressly about the question of, The final chapters are devoted to a critical examination of, This is especially regrettable, as it is of great interest with regard to musical, This article considers the 'pastoral mode' as a particular subspecies of musical. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Experimente el exotismo de la Medina de Marrakech. Cultural transposition - SlideCrop.com Leiden circa 1630: Rembrandt Emerges, (Agnes Ethering Art Centre, Kingston ON; Art Gallery of Alberta, Edmonton AB; MacKenzie Gallery, Regina SK; Art Gallery of Hamilton, Hamilton ON; Vereniging van Nederlandse Kunsthistorici, Saul in Story and Tradition (Series Forschungen Zum Alten Testament), Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art vol. https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jan/21/the-assassin-review-captivatingly-hypnotic-if-impenetrable-wuxia-tale. ." Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese simplified Dictionary. Add exoticism to one of your lists below, or create a new one. The term world cinema has been coined in analogy to Goethes conceptualisation of Weltliteratur (world literature) by which he meant not only foreign literature, but also the reception of domestic literature abroad as well as his own literary translations (Birus, 2004). Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation. Experience the exoticism of the Medina of Marrakech. Exoticism in the Enlightenment. He was following in the footsteps of the painter Paul Gauguin, whose colourful paintings of semi-nude Polynesian women against the backdrop of lush tropical scenery have shaped the Western imagination of the Polynesian islands. Encyclopedia.com. Paragraph 24 (3), pp. I would like to here. In. The foreignizing method of translating, a strategy Venuti also termed ' resistancy ' , is a non-fluent or estranging translation style designed to make visible the persistence of translator by highlighting the foreign identity of ST and protecting it from the ideological dominance of the target culture. 1997. I seek to show that through vision and touch, and the proximity of objects to bodies in domestic environments, goods from all over the world become part of the material culture of the seventeenth-century Netherlands. In the West, ugly but resilient ideas about civilization, Post the Definition of exoticism to Facebook, Share the Definition of exoticism on Twitter. The key conception here is the introduction of the exotic from abroad into a domestic economy (Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, 2000: 94). Una experiencia donde el exotismo y la pasin hablan el mismo lenguaje. EXOTICISM (foreignness ).1 A TT marked by exoticism is one which constantly uses grammatical and cultural features imported from the ST with minimal adaptation. 2004 (1994). One had to make a decision to be loyal to the author of the text, or to be loyal to the reader. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Eine historische Vergegenwrtigung. The Assassin Review Captivatingly Hypnotic, If Impenetrable, Wuxia Tale. When I was studying at university in Germany (Germersheim), my professors often emphasized this point. Framegrab. In: Rosalind, Galt and Karl, Schoonover, eds., Global Art Cinema: New Theories and Histories. Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art 66 (2016), Rembrandt and the Emergence of the Leiden Art Market, Tracing a Pose: Govert Flinck and the Emergence of the Van Dyckian Mode of Portraiture in Amsterdam, SWAN Review CAA Netherlandish Art in Its Global Context and Rembrandt and the Inspiration of India 20191218, Netherlandish Art and the World: A Conference on Global Art History, Utrecht, 25-27 October 2018, Allegory as Historical Method, or the Similarities between Amsterdam and Albania Reading Simon Gikandi's Slavery and the Culture of Taste, Rembrandt's Religious Paintings from 1630s, The Speelman Fellowship and Netherlandish Art in Cambridge, 'Defenders of the Image. It begins, if we agree with Chow, with filmmakers internalisation of the exotic gaze or, alternatively, their strategic performance of exotic Otherness to satisfy the expectations of Western critics, festival juries and audiences. Discovering Form, Inferring Meaning: New Cinemas and the Film Festival Circuit. endobj A Subaltern Studies Reader: 19861995. Kiernan, Victor Gordon. SEE ALSO Cannibalism; Enlightenment; Gaze, Colonial; Gaze, The; Orientalism; Other, The; Prostitution; Sexuality; Stare, The; Stereotypes; Tourism; Travel and Travel Writing; White Supremacy.

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